Predation and Primate Cognitive Evolution

摘要: Predation is a major cause of mortality in non-human primates (Cheney et al., 2004), but its impact as selective force on primate evolution not well understood. has long been thought to affect traits such body size, group composition, and ecological niche, the vigilance vocal reproductive behaviour (Anderson, 1986). The general assumption that if trait evolved an adaptation predation, then there should be negative relationship between expression individual’s vulnerability predation. First, large size predation (Isbell, 1994), larger underrepresented predator’s prey spectrum compared smaller ones. Second, individuals living groups are less susceptible certain kind leopard for example, due enhanced levels predator vigilance, (van Schaik, 1983; Cords, 1990). Third, multi-male example possibility cooperative defence (Stanford, 1998), species single-male groups. Fourth, females shorten their inter-birth intervals increase lifetime success compensate higher (Hill & Dunbar, with short over-represented spectrum.