Preparation of conjugated polymers inside assembled solid-state devices.

摘要: Herein we describe a method for the preparation of solid-state devices without need solution-based conversion or deposition steps. Precursor polymers are converted to their conjugated, electrochromic counterpart inside assembled solidstate devices; refer this process as in situ conversion. There three main advantages method. First, have shown that previously required clean and defect-free substrates not necessary Therefore, neither rigorous cleaning step nor pristine processing environments needed device assembly. This is particularly advantageous large-area applications where probability defects increases with size substrate thus windows other such would benefit greatly from Second, eliminated solution process. could be either electrodeposition electrochemical precursor system an electrolyte bath. In eliminates costly wasteful by preparing conjugated material device. Thus, there no disposal toxic organic solvents salt systems. Finally, prepared retain entirety used. No leeching monomer oligomer into discarded occurs because contained within sealed useful myriad which utilize conjunction redox processes, capacitors, sensors, drug delivery applications, thin film transistors, electrochromics, among others. Figure 1 shows images chemical structures assembled, at each stage The polymer approach attractive its own right. soluble materials can after on substrate. Herein, copolymers aromatic silane units. Oxidative conditions cause cleavage Si–C bonds subsequent coupling aromatics form electrochromic. allows incorporation variety electroactive monomers different ratios final backbone, something always feasible electrodeposition. Many approaches addressing solubility been explored, typically relying alkylor alkoxy-substitution. These limited terms industrial due rigidity polymeric results high glass transition temperatures (Tg) despite solubilizing We made use systems, whereby copolymer alkyl-substituted siloxane Alternatively, pendant chromophore norbornene backbone has employed. exhibit Tgs ranging 9 8C 80 8C. may processed any traditional method, including ink jet printing, electrostatic spinning, spin coating, spray dip-coating, doctor blading, etc., addition non-solution-based methods, melt-processing. Previous work ability photopattern these precursors, well. creation nanofiber mats unique morphologies controllable reproducible, impossible mimic adds yet another facet versatility Electrochemical polymerization requires conductive order achieve uniform films nucleation growth mechanism deposition. Devices built ITO (using intentionally unclean substrates) were found undergo visible device, making large-scale processing. past, oxidative carried out quasi-reusable bath resulting desilylation units p-conjugated material. Afterwards, they characterized. able effectively removing utilizes sandwich two-electrode cell, same electrochemistry three-electrode cell solution. only architecture, however. used study poly(bis[3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene]thiophene-dioctylsilane) (PBEDOT-T-Si[Octyl]2), Tg1⁄4 40 8C, light-yellow colored when cast film. product switches red state neutral blue oxidized. yellow blue/red irreversible. Any formed upon yielded similar quality