Synthesis, structure and cytotoxicity of cyclic (alkyl)(amino) carbene and acyclic carbene complexes of group 11 metals

摘要: A series of complexes cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) copper, silver and gold have been investigated for their antiproliferative properties. second acyclic carbene (ACC) gold(I) were prepared by nucleophilic attack on isocyanide amines amino esters, to give (ACC)AuCl, [(ACC)Au(PTA)]+ (PTA = triazaphosphaadamantane), as well mixed-carbene compounds [(CAAC)Au(ACC)]+. Representative characterised X-ray diffraction which confirmed the mononuclear linear structures without close intermolecular contacts or aurophilic interactions. The redox properties these determined. tested against a panel human cancer cell lines including leukemia (HL 60), breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7) lung epithelial (A549), show varying degrees cisplatin resistance. pro-ligand iminium salts PTA non-toxic. By contrast, CAAC high cytotoxicity, with IC50 values in sub-micromolar ∼100 nanomolar range, even cisplatin-insensitive MCF-7 A549 cells. Cationic bis-carbene [(Me2CAAC)2M]+ (6–8, M Cu, Ag Au) proved particularly effective. mechanism growth control remains be established, although possible modes action such inhibition thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), is common pathway NHC compounds, formation reactive oxygen species (ROS) through processes, could ruled out primary pathways.