Shallow evolutionary divergence between two Andean hummingbirds: Speciation with gene flow?

摘要: Ecological speciation can proceed despite genetic interchange when selection counteracts homogeneizing effects of migration. We tested predictions this divergence-with-gene-flow model in Coeligena helianthea and C. bonapartei , two parapatric Andean hummigbirds with marked plumage divergence. sequenced neutral markers (mtDNA nuclear ultra conserved elements) to examine structure gene flow, a candidate ( MC1R ) assess its role underlying divergence coloration. also the prediction Glogers rule that darker forms occur more humid environments, compared ecomorphological variables adaptive mechanisms potentially promoting Genetic differentiation between species was very low coalescent estimates migration were consistent flow. variation unrelated phenotypic differences. Species did not differ macroclimatic niches but distinct ecomorphology. Although we reject adaptation humidity as cause divergence, hypothesize likely occurred face driven by other ecological pressures or sexual selection. Marked no is remarkable for Neotropical birds, makes an appropriate system which search basis differences employing genomics.