Monitoring open water area changes in a small tarn using historical orthophotomaps and a historical bathymetric map: a case study of the Litworowy Staw lake, the High Tatras

摘要: According to scientific evidence in general, the disappearance of Tatras tarns as a result external geomorphological processes has been accepted since long term analyses lake sediments and peat bogs, mapping, geophysical measurements (–all indirect methods). It is paradoxical that direct cartographic such changes not existed until now. In this paper, we evaluate shore line small mountain glacial High - Litworowy Staw using multitemporal analysis series historical orthophotomaps map. Over last 100 years, tarn lost 46.4% open water level area. Significant visual were caused by vegetation growth Carex species (sedges) on water’s surface. The accumulation fine dead plant residues basin create suitable conditions for process, all together causing become more shallow.