Type I Elements Mediate Replication Fork Pausing at Conserved Upstream Sites in the Tetrahymena thermophila Ribosomal DNA Minichromosome
作者： D M MacAlpine , Z Zhang , G M Kapler
关键词: Ter protein 、 Control of chromosome duplication 、 Eukaryotic DNA replication 、 Biology 、 S phase 、 Replication factor C 、 Minichromosome maintenance 、 Genetics 、 Origin recognition complex 、 DNA replication
摘要: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to study replication of the Tetrahymena thermophila ribosomal DNA (rDNA) minichromosome. During vegetative growth, rDNA is replicated exclusively from origins in 5' nontranscribed spacer (NTS). Whereas fork movement through rest chromosome appears be continuous, NTS not. Replication forks arrest transiently at three prominent pausing sites (RFPs) located or immediately adjacent nucleosome-free regions NTS. Pausing these dramatically diminished during Escherichia coli, suggesting that chromatin organization Tetrahymena-specific proteins may required. A conserved tripartite sequence identified each site. Mutations type I elements diminish proximal RFPs. Hence, elements, previously shown control initiation, also regulate elongation existing forks. Studies with transformants revealed a strong directional bias for pausing. Strong only occurred moving toward rRNA-coding region. We propose evolved synchronize and transcription downstream rRNA genes.
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