Review on recent progress in catalytic carboxylation and acetylation of glycerol as a byproduct of biodiesel production

摘要: Abstract Biodiesel (BD) is an alternative energy source to conventional diesel derived from fossil materials, which are unsustainable and non-renewable contribute global warming. BD production via transesterification with methanol leads the synthesis of glycerol; this process accounts for 10% (w/w) total produced worldwide. The increasing demand environmentally harmless has created a glycerol glut, must be utilized increase profitability. Glycerol stable multifunctional compound used as building block in fine chemical synthesis. Acetylation carboxylation pathways have been studied utilize and/or upgrade into chemicals. use catalysts, especially heterogeneous remains green approach tailoring acetylation routes achieve desired products, namely, carbonate acetyl esters, respectively. However, side-product formation, poorly structured channels some catalyst deactivation or reusability hinder effective utilization catalysts further studied. Moreover, introduction variations optimize reaction-influencing parameters potential method that explored.