The association between smokeless tobacco use and pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a systematic review.

摘要: Abstract Background Smokeless tobacco is a possible risk factor for developing pancreatic adenocarcinoma. This systematic review addressed the question: Is there an association between smokeless use and adenocarcinoma diagnosis? Methods Five electronic databases, grey literature, citations of relevant articles were searched to identify studies. Six researchers double-reviewed records inclusion in review. The information extracted from these studies was selected using criteria outlined Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale observational A qualitative synthesis included performed. Results search databases resulted total 1747 citations. Eleven met this review, including three cohort studies, seven case control one study that pooled data multiple case-control Studies heterogeneous their assessment exposure intensity ascertainment outcomes. varied. Existing investigations interest appear exhibit several types biases selection bias, bias analysis. Conclusion inconclusive. More definitive conclusions regarding relationship await results more methodologically rigorous epidemiologic