Competition among multiple memory systems: converging evidence from animal and human brain studies.

摘要: Research of the neurobiological bases learning and memory suggest that these processes are not unitary in nature, but rather relatively independent neural systems appear to mediate different types memory. Neurobiological studies, for instance, have identified separable cognitive or "declarative" stimulus-response "habit" rely upon medial temporal lobe (e.g. hippocampus) basal ganglia caudate-putamen), respectively. Evidence indicates multiple activated simultaneously parallel various tasks, recent findings may interact. One form interaction between appears competitive has been revealed non-human animal studies which damage a given system results enhanced learning. Recent human neuroimaging research also provided evidence favor competition systems. Thus, converging across species supports hypothesis interactive mammalian brain. Potential mechanisms mediating such interactions include direct anatomical projections ganglia, indirect neuromodulatory influences other brain structures basolateral amygdala) activity neocortical regions involved top-down response selection.