Efficacy of Vitamin D3 Buccal Spray Supplementation Compared to Other Delivery Methods: A Systematic Review of Superiority Randomized Controlled Trials

摘要: (1) Background: Vitamin D deficiency is an important public health concern and supplementation common for this deficiency. Many different modes of delivering have been proposed in order to enhance absorption utilization. The present review compared the efficacy vitamin D3 buccal spray against other forms delivery. (2) Methods: protocol was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42019136146). Medline/PubMed, CENTRAL clinicaltrials.gov were searched from their inception until September 2019, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compare delivery via sublingual methods. Eligible RCTs involved humans, any age status, published language evaluated changes plasma 25(OH)D concentrations. Three reviewers independently extracted data, assessed risk bias (RoB) quality trials. (3) Results: Out 9759 RCTs, four matched predefined criteria. Intervention duration ranged 30 days 3 months whereas dosage between 800 3000 IU/day. One RCT advocated superiority increasing concentrations, although several limitations recorded trial. rest failed report differences post-intervention concentrations Considerable clinical heterogeneity observed due study design, intervention dosage, assays labs used perform assays, population not allowing synthesis results. (4) Conclusions: Based on available evidence, does appear superior Future avoiding existing methodological shortcomings are warranted.