Educational Differences in Smoking among Adolescents in Germany: What is the Role of Parental and Adolescent Education Levels and Intergenerational Educational Mobility?

摘要: Background: Adolescence is the period in which smoking onset usually occurs and course for future socioeconomic status (SES) set. However, because of transitional nature adolescence, it questionable whether health inequalities are best measured by indicators parental SES or rather adolescents’ own developing SES. We examine independent effects adolescent education intergenerational educational mobility on behaviour while controlling differences close friends’ behaviour. Methods: The study based data from a subsample (12–17 years, n = 5,053) nationally representative German Health Interview Examination Survey Children Adolescents (KiGGS). Participants reported their level as well personal Information was obtained via parent interviews. Adolescent were dichotomized (low/high), leading to four categories mobility: stable high, potentially upwardly mobile, downwardly low. Results: After adjustment behaviour, habits strongly related level, but not that parents. Among boys, both low mobile adolescents had 2.7-fold increased risk being smoker compared with peers high education. girls, only those 2.2-fold smoking. genders, upward associated significantly lower rates (boys: OR 0.32; 95% CI 0.20–0.53; girls: 0.52; 0.37–0.73). Conclusions: Our results show an influenced than Educational seems be protective against becoming youth. Boys who experience downward tend have higher inclination smoke These findings illustrate potential public benefits investments help identify high-risk groups onset.