Association between Elementary School Personality and High School Smoking and Drinking

摘要: Background and aims Among U.S. high school students, alcohol consumption cigarette smoking are associated with numerous concurrent future harms. We tested whether multiple elementary personality dispositions to behave impulsively can predict these addictive behaviors invariably across gender race. Design Setting This longitudinal design involved testing individual differences on impulsigenic traits in predicted drinking four years later 23 public schools Kentucky, USA. Participants 1,897 youth ages 11 15, drawn from urban, rural, suburban backgrounds. Measurements Drinking frequency were assessed by single item questions. The key predictors measured the UPPS-P Child Version impulsive behavior scale. Important covariates included pubertal status, depression, negative affect, positive affect; each was self-report. Findings Three 5th grade, representing different engage behavior, 9th grade above beyond other risk factors smoking. Specifically, urgency (b = .10, .13), sensation seeking .13, .07), low conscientiousness .14, .11) uniquely both smoking, respectively. There no evidence that any trait either outcome more strongly than traits, nor there predictive results varied or race. Conclusions Three (urgency, seeking, conscientiousness), when 11-year-old children, individually those children's at age 15. effects invariant race.