The Left Turns as Multiple Paradigmatic Crises

摘要: Abstract The left turns represent a ‘second incorporation crisis’ for Latin American countries. discontent emerging from the effects of market reforms implemented in context weak states and highly unequal societies has fuelled this crisis, along with citizens’ widespread alienation traditional parties political elites. also yield three interrelated paradigmatic crises: one relates to economic praxis region, another concerns academic interpretations economy democracy development America, yet policy-making prescriptions. failure predict turn epitomises conventional wisdom's shortsightedness, which is present now dominant on current governing lefts region. A normative predilection economies liberal embedded theoretical methodological toolbox approaches causes myopia. paper justifies d...