The Coinhibitory Receptor CTLA-4 Controls B Cell Responses by Modulating T Follicular Helper, T Follicular Regulatory, and T Regulatory Cells

摘要: The receptor CTLA-4 has been implicated in controlling B cell responses, but the mechanisms by which regulates antibody production are not known. Here we showed deletion of adult mice increased Tfh and Tfr numbers augmented responses. In effector phase, loss on cells resulted heightened whereas defective suppression antigen-specific We also found that non-Tfr Treg could suppress responses through and/or might downregulate B7-2 outside germinal centers as a means suppression. Within center, however, potently CTLA-4, with mechanism independent altering B7-1 or B7-2. Thus, identify multifaceted regulatory roles for Tfh, Tfr, cells, together control humoral immunity.