Interactions Between Grazing Birds and Macrophytes

摘要: In the past, aquatic birds were largely overlooked by limnologists, receiving scant attention in hydrobiological journals and no more than passing mention limnology texts. There has recently been rapid growth interest their roles lake ecosystems, with integration of bird studies into intensive limnological programs, comparative investigations over large groups lakes, an increase number experimental studies, increasing contact water biologists (Kerekes Pollard, 1994; Farago Kerekes, 1997). Much this stems from recent scientific focus on factors that lead to shallow eutrophic lakes being dominated alternatively phytoplankton or macrophytes (Schef-fer et al., 1993) management investment restoration a clear macrophyte-dominated state (e.g., National Research Council [USA], 1992; Broads Authority [UK], Environmental Institute [Denmark], 1994). It is now populations may, at times, be very sensitive ecological changes they can also play significant producing such changes.