Crumbling of dacite dome lava and generation of pyroclastic flows at Unzen volcano
作者： Hiroaki Sato , Toshitsugu Fujii , Setsuya Nakada
DOI: 10.1038/360664A0
关键词: Complex volcano 、 Igneous rock 、 Lava 、 Lava dome 、 Volcano 、 Magma 、 Peléan eruption 、 Geology 、 Pyroclastic rock 、 Petrology
摘要: RECENT modelling of volcanic eruptions has shown that the efficiency subsurface degassing magmas determines whether magma erupts explosively or effuses quietly1,2. Slow uprise is often accompanied by effective degassing, leading to extrusion lava flows and domes. Although dome one less explosive modes eruption, it pyroclastic activities3–5. The 1991 eruption Unzen volcano provided an opportunity observe at close range several types small-scale flow (glowing avalanches) originating from Most are Merapi type, caused blocks falling a collapsing dome; others Pelean type in explosion side dome. lavas apparently show variable degrees self-explosivity. We suggest produced wide excess pore pressures extruded domes, resulting both Merapi-type Pelean-type
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