Modelling metal–humic substances–surface systems: reasons for success, failure and possible routes for peace of mind

摘要: Iron oxides and oxyhydroxides are commonly of considerable importance in the sorption ions onto rocks, soils sediments. They can be controlling sorptive phases even if they present relatively small quantities. In common with other clay minerals, pH-edge metals is directly linked to their hydrolysis: higher residual charge on metal ion, lower pH-edge. Modelling this process has been successfully carried out using different microscopic or macroscopic definitions interface (e.g. surface complexation ion exchange models that may not include mineralogical descriptions). The influence organic material many significant. This includes simple molecules more complex exopolymeric substances humic substances) produced by decay natural matter. Sorption mineral surfaces subject a large body work. various types do share same affinities for general, iron particular. those cases which successful component binary systems (i.e. metal–surface, metal–organic, organic–surface) have developed, formation mixed complexes, evolution itself, addition order laboratory systems, matter fractions during sorption, often precluded satisfactory description metal–surface–organic ternary over sufficiently wide range parameter values pH, ionic strength, concentration substances). manuscript describes reasons some successes failures modelling systems. Promising recent advances possible methods providing complete descriptions these intricate also discussed.