Safety and efficacy of ureteral access sheaths.

摘要: The ureteral access sheath (UAS) was introduced as a means of passing flexible ureteroscope. Although the device initially lauded for its ability to facilitate ureteroscopic access, passage difficult and risked injury, UAS fell out favor until development new generation devices that easier insert. should be advanced under fluoroscopy over stiff guidewire, surgeon ensure copious hydration all inner outer surfaces. Use is purported improve irrigant flow visibility. can induce transient ischemia promote an acute inflammatory response, but it also prevents potentially harmful elevations in intrarenal pressure. Unequivocal data are not yet available suggest use during ureteroscopy protects or harms upper urinary tract. has potential stone-free rates by allowing passive egress active retrieval fragments. A large prospective study needed unequivocally determine if superior terms rates. Cost studies reported use, although formal cost-effectiveness analysis been performed. Further before routine recommended.