Germination of Penicillium paneum Conidia Is Regulated by 1-Octen-3-ol, a Volatile Self-Inhibitor

摘要: Penicillium paneum is an important contaminant of cereal grains which able to grow at low temperature, pH, high levels carbon dioxide, and under acid conditions. P. produces mycotoxins, may be harmful animals humans. We found that conidia in dense suspensions showed poor germination, suggesting the presence a self-inhibitor. A volatile compound(s) produced by these high-density conditions also inhibited mycelial growth different species fungi belonging variety genera, broad action range. The heat-stable compound was isolated successive centrifugation supernatant obtained from spore with density 109 ml−1. By using static headspace analyses, two major peaks were distinguished, highest production metabolites after 22 h incubation 25°C shaking 140 rpm. Gas chromatography coupled mass spectra analysis revealed compounds 3-octanone 1-octen-3-ol. Notably, only latter appeared block germination process developmental stages (swelling germ tube formation). In this study, 1-octen-3-ol influenced processes during life cycle, including induction microcycle conidiation inhibition germination. Therefore, can considered fungal hormone development.