Role of the cell envelope in bacterial adaptation to growth in vivo in infections.

摘要: To establish an infection, a pathogenic bacterium must adapt to growth in the hostile environment encountered vivo host tissues. The cell envelope plays crucial role this adaptive process, since it is involved promoting adhesion and colonisation of tissues, acquisition essential nutrients conferring resistance defences antibiotics. Its properties are ultimately determined by information stored within genome, which also contains potential respond environmental change. macromolecular structure function largely and, particular, specific nutrient limitation, rate, temperature replication suspension or surface-associated biofilm. Bacteria growing will manufacture envelopes characteristic that differ markedly physiology, biochemistry immunogenicity from those cells grown standard laboratory medium. In vivo, ability withhold iron important component host's defence deprivation has pronounced effect on metabolism bacteria. phenotypic plasticity bacterial surface determining susceptibility antibiotics implications for design evaluation new therapeutic strategies treatment prevention infections.