Content-Analysis Research: An Examination of Applications with Directives for Improving Research Reliability and Objectivity

摘要: This article provides an empirical review and synthesis of published studies that have used content-analysis methods. Harold Kassarjian's critical guidelines for research were to examine the methods employed in 128 studies. The expanded by providing investigation multiple dimensions objectivity. Reliability issues also assessed examining factors central replication interjudge coefficient calculations. findings indicate a general need improvement application Suggestions calculating reliability coefficients improving objectivity are offered.