Graphene oxide-based dispersive micro-solid phase extraction for separation and preconcentration of nicotine from biological and environmental water samples followed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection

摘要: Abstract Graphene oxide (GO) has showed great potential to use as an adsorbent in sample preparation procedures. In this research, GO was used effective a simple GO-based dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (GO-D-µ-SPE) method for isolation and preconcentration of nicotine prior gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The prepared characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) absorption spectroscopy techniques. Various experimental parameters affecting the recovery, including amount GO, time, pH solution, salt concentration, desorption conditions were investigated optimized. Under optimized conditions, linear response obtained concentration range 5–2000 ng mL−1 with determination coefficient 0.9987. limit (LOD) at signal noise ratio 3 1.5 ng mL−1. linearity Intraday inter-day precisions equal 2.7% 5.2%, respectively. successfully applied biological water samples recoveries 88.7–109.7%.