Hydrodynamic drag and lift forces on human hand/arm models

摘要: Forces acting on the forearm and hand during swimming can be decomposed into drag forces lift forces. In this study were measured two models of a human when towed in towing tank. To compare results with different size at velocities force data normalized to coefficients (Cd Ct). Influence orientation model respect flow, velocity, relative contribution Cd Ct studied. The line motion was varied by rotating around three axes, quantified using angle pitch (AP: between plane flow) sweep-back (SB: flow vector projected plane). maximal palm is almost perpendicular (AP = 65 degrees, SB 342 degrees). shows values orientations: thumb-leading position, AP 31 358 little finger-leading 48 193 degrees. very critical generating By contrast, influence velocity limited.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)