Weathering the storm; a review of pre-pregnancy stress and risk of spontaneous abortion.

摘要: Abstract The Weathering Effect is a theory that links stress exposure, over the life-course, with racial disparities in reproductive outcomes, through effects of social adversity on woman’s body. concept maternal “weathering” captures cumulative somatic and psychological adversities can exacerbate aging. Much evidence for weathering comes from observational studies linking self-report measures outcomes. purpose this review to explore biological mechanisms underlie these observations. We focus spontaneous abortion because event understudied despite outcome. Spontaneous most common pregnancy failure, it happens early pregnancy. Early time susceptible harmful immune dysregulation may, part, result experienced before begins. In exploring mechanisms, we draw well-defined signaling processes observed stressor-depression relationship. Pro-inflammatory dysregulation, example, has particular relevance immunological control occurring immunologic changes affect trajectories via trophoblastic invasion. Within first few weeks pregnancy, uterine derived cytokines operate within cytokine networks play critical role Programming pro-inflammatory occur conception. This brought into implications viability success index These patterns suggest health processing pathways influence six eight review, discuss known mediating factors also how or “pre-pregnancy” may pathways, subsequently health. There need understand adversity, driving experiences approach useful entry point understanding inequities an differences exposures adversity. hypothesize involves cyclical tract response stressors are established well woman enters Furthermore, propose potentially drive relevant disparities. examine what about pre-pregnancy associated race, inequity, their potential impact neuroendocrine affecting risk.