The MASSIVE Survey - X. Misalignment between kinematic and photometric axes and intrinsic shapes of massive early-type galaxies
作者： Irina Ene , Chung-Pei Ma , Melanie Veale , Jenny E Greene , Jens Thomas
关键词: Astrophysics 、 Galaxy 、 Rotation 、 Measure (mathematics) 、 Distribution (mathematics) 、 Kinematics 、 Early type 、 Spin-½ 、 Physics 、 Stellar mass
摘要: We use spatially resolved two-dimensional stellar velocity maps over a $107"\times 107"$ field of view to investigate the kinematic features 90 early-type galaxies above mass $10^{11.5}M_\odot$ in MASSIVE survey. measure misalignment angle $\Psi$ between and photometric axes identify local such as twists kinematically distinct components. find 46% sample be well aligned ($\Psi < 15^{\circ}$), 33% misaligned, 21% without detectable rotation (non-rotators). Only 24% are fast rotators, majority which (91%) aligned, whereas 57% slow rotators misaligned with nearly flat distribution from $15^{\circ}$ $90^{\circ}$. 11 have $\Psi \gtrsim 60^{\circ}$ thus exhibit minor-axis ("prolate") is preferentially around major axis. Kinematic misalignments occur more frequently for lower galaxy spin or denser environments. Using observed ellipticity distributions, we infer intrinsic shape our that consistent being mildly triaxial, mean axis ratios $b/a=0.88$ $c/a=0.65$. In terms features, 51% larger than $20^{\circ}$, 2 The frequency broad reported here suggest most massive formation processes resulting gas-poor mergers this range.
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