作者: Steve K. Esser , Sean L. Hill , Giulio Tononi
关键词: Neuroscience of sleep 、 Local field potential 、 Non-rapid eye movement sleep 、 Cortical Synchronization 、 Visual cortex 、 Psychology 、 Long-term potentiation 、 Slow-wave sleep 、 Local sleep 、 Neuroscience
摘要: SLOW WAVES ARE A PROMINENT FEATURE OF NON-RAPID EYE MOVEMENT (NREM) SLEEP THAT CAN BE OBSERVED IN THE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM (EEG) and local field potentials (LFP). Slow-wave activity (SWA, EEG power 0.5–4.0 Hz) provides a reliable indicator of sleep need, as it increases function prior waking declines during sleep.1–3 Although the homeostatic regulation SWA is suggestive restorative sleep, underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Different can be conceived that might lead to progressive decline in such an increase level arousal-promoting neuromodulators or reduction accumulated metabolites (e.g., adenosine). recent proposal suggests may reflect strength corticocortical synapses synaptic would associated with corresponding decrease SWA.4, 5 Mechanistically, stronger cortical connections produce network synchronization thus higher SWA, whereas weaker reduce thereby SWA. Connections become. on average, at end day due potentiation learning weaken sleep-dependent depression, suggested by molecular other evidence.4, Supporting hypothesis, procedures depression areas changes For example, over right parietal cortex after visuomotor task6 decreases sensorimotor immobilization left arm.7 In this paper, we employed large-scale computer model cat thalamocortical system investigate detail relationship between The incorporates key aspects neuroanatomic organization visual circuits, including more than 65,000 integrate-and-fire neurons organized into multiple cortical, thalamic, reticular areas, produces physiologically realistic patterns.8 Specifically, interaction several intrinsic currents, simulated undergo slow oscillations around 1 Hz depolarized periods (up states) hyperpolarized silence (down states), observed intracellular recordings vivo.9, 10 These single-cell are synchronized waves calculated LFP. On basis model, examined dynamics oscillations, synchronization, LFP under conditions high low connections. We show here leads decreased incidence large-amplitude waves, their slope, number multipeak waves. In 2 companion papers, tested predictions examining how change early-sleep late-sleep using rats11 high-density humans.12