The History of Research on Ventricular Assist Devices and Total Artificial Heart

摘要: This chapter will focus on research specifically aimed at the total or partial replacement of heart’s function that one its ventricles to support a failing heart for prolonged period time. The first report use artificial (TAH) sustain life in an animal dates back 1958. In 1969, human implantation pneumatic TAH was reported bridge transplantation and, after more than 10 years research, as definitive therapy used time 1982 without much success. About 20 later, totally implantable pump released clinical use. initial feasibility study demonstrated device still needs improvements before widespread application can be expected. Most ventricular assist devices (VAD) were internal paracorporeal pneumatically activated blood pumps and temporarily while waiting recovery transplantation. For long-term support, however, energy converter necessary. An electrically LVAD designed 1984. 1990s, two implantable, VAD extensively with excellent results opened way their destination therapy. Smaller continuous flow pumps, either centrifugal axial, created overcome problems pulsatile pumps. Some these smaller are nowadays extended duration results. Continuous technology is now integrated into investigated animals.