Monkeypox Virus: Insights on Its Emergence in Human Populations

摘要: This chapter focuses on epidemiologic, ecologic, and biologic observations made since the publication of Emerging Infections 4 which enhance understanding Human monkeypox, zoonotic disease pathogen that causes it. Ecologic studies, usually using convenient samples animals collected in areas surrounding human patients West Africa central Africa, demonstrated orthopoxvirus- sometimes monkeypox virus-specific seroprevalence various members these species, but it was not reported for Cricetomys species. In 2003, two concurrent outbreaks disease, one United States Republic Congo, permitted additional analyses studies have substantially amplified viruses their pathogeneses animal turn will allow design public health control measures. Gambian rats (Cricetomys sp.) rope squirrels (Funisciurus spp.) separated from shipment immediately arrival States, discovered moribund later dead Texas New Jersey, respectively, were found positive virus. As distribution traced across African dormice (Graphiurus also moribund, autopsy they presence Monkeypox virus continues to emerge new populations; recent reports Sudan indicate has capacity cause illness yet another ecologically distinct environment.