Sirtuin-Dependent Metabolic Control and Its Role in the Aging Process

摘要: During last years, the protein family of sirtuins, composed by NAD+-dependent deacetylases, has emerged as a key factor in aging. From yeast to humans, sirtuins are involved metabolic changes that induce higher respiratory capacity accompanied lower oxidative damage. They control glucose catabolism, fatty acid metabolism, chain activity mitochondria and several other processes including antioxidant cells tissues (Dali-Youcef et al., 2007; Elliott & Jirousek, 2008; Lomb 2010; Pallas 2008). As these deacetylases dependent on NAD+/NADH ratio, they can be considered important sensors status probably because this one main proteins regulation metabolism cell (Li Kazgan, 2011). Further, their relationship with AMPK-dependent pathway, controls inhibiting insulin-dependent signaling, highlights importance especially insulin-resistance, diabetes obesity (Canto 2009; Ruderman 2010). Sirtuins have been aging process factors delaying increase longevity (Guarente, 2000; Tissenbaum Guarente, 2001). However, very recent studies questioned role (Burnett 2011; Viswanathan But yeast, worms flies still permits correlate its function dietarydependent modulations date, mammals and, is not clear. Whereas organisms only member found, SIR2, mammals, seven members described date. This fact indicates complexity interactions, targets functions animals than lowers. specific distribution among different compartments also localdependent influences sirtuins.