Studying pre-treatment and ketamine-induced changes in white matter microstructure in the context of ketamine's antidepressant effects.

摘要: Ketamine is increasingly being used as a therapeutic for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), yet the effects of ketamine on human brain remain largely unknown. This pilot study employed diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) to examine relationships between treatment and white matter (WM) microstructure, with aim increasing current understanding ketamine’s neural mechanisms action in humans. Longitudinal dMRI data were acquired from 13 individuals TRD two hours prior (pre-infusion), four following (post-infusion), an intravenous infusion. Free-water was quantify cerebrospinal fluid-corrected mean fractional anisotropy (FA) 15 WM bundles pre- post-infusion. Analyses revealed that higher pre-infusion FA left cingulum bundle superior longitudinal fasciculus associated greater symptom improvement 24 h post-ketamine. Moreover, after administration ketamine, rapidly increased numerous brain; this increase significantly select bundles. Overall, results preliminary suggest properties, measured by dMRI, may have potential impact clinical ketamine. additionally appears be rapid diffusivity changes, suggestive changes microstructure. thus points pre-treatment structure factor efficacy, post-treatment microstructural candidate neuroimaging marker cellular mechanisms.