Molecular genetics of superoxide dismutases in yeasts and related fungi.

摘要: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the molecular genetics of superoxide dismutases in yeasts and related fungi. The provides information on various enzymes that are responsible for establishing themselves as first component defense mechanism, such dismutases. These catalyze disproportionation O2-, to H2O2 O2. As discussed chapter, eukaryotes contain at least two catalytically equivalent but evolutionarily, genetically, structurally distinct. Superoxide can be produced a wide variety cellular redox processes. simple type reaction generate O2- is auto-oxidation. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, dominant source appears leakage from mitochondrial electron transport chain. also functionally distinct because these found different cell compartments. regulation expression along with discussion their physiologic functions light phenotypes strains yeast fungi lack either or both activities. addition enzymes, an extracellular Cu,ZnSOD characterized eukaryotes. human enzyme, designated ECSOD1, secreted glycoprotein containing Cu Zn; gene this SOD has been cloned. Although ECSOD intracellular SODl differ primary sequence, they share number structural homologies respect metal centers. Some evidences dismutase S. cerevisiae N. crassa presented chapter.