Evaluating Stimulus-Stimulus Pairing and Direct Reinforcement in the Establishment of an Echoic Repertoire of Children Diagnosed with Autism
作者： Barbara E. Esch , James E. Carr , Jack Michael
DOI: 10.1007/BF03393009
关键词: Audiology 、 Language acquisition 、 Repertoire 、 Psychology 、 Developmental psychology 、 Autism 、 Vowel 、 Echoic memory 、 Nonverbal communication 、 Stimulus (physiology) 、 Reinforcement
摘要: Many children with autism do not imitate adult vocalizations, an important skill in learning to talk. Pairing vocalizations preferred stimuli has been shown increase free-operant but effects are temporary; thus, direct reinforcement may be necessary establish durable vocal behaviors. In Experiment 1, directly reinforced echoic responses did following stimulus-stimulus pairings three autism. Similarly, 2, a replication of Miguel et al. (2002). 3 demonstrated that shaping increased vowel frequency for one participant. Results suggest variables yet delineated influence effectiveness pairing procedure on vocalization and acquisition verbal operant such pairings.
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