Marine Waste-Sources, Fate, Risks, Challenges and Research Needs.

摘要: The article presents a comprehensive and cross-cutting review of key marine waste issues, taking into account: sources, fate, risks, transport pathways, threats, legislation, current challenges, knowledge gaps. growing amount both human-created in seas oceans reaching ecosystems from land is one today's challenges for the global economy European Union. It predicted that if no decisive steps are taken to limit this type waste, there may be more plastic than fish after 2050. influence microplastics nanoplastics on living organisms remains undiagnosed. Within international EU law, solutions being developed properly manage board ships reduce impact processes related recycling vessels environment. Currently, over 80% dismantled countries South Asia, conditions threaten environment safety workers. After World War 2, large quantities chemical weapons were deposited seas. Steel containers with dangerous substances residing sea 70 years have begun leaking, thus polluting water. For many years, radioactive had also been dumped ecosystems, although since 1993 has total ban such disposal radionuclides. COVID-19 pandemic generation presented as significant factor influencing management.