Ultrasound-evoked immediate early gene expression in the brainstem of the Chinese torrent frog, Odorrana tormota

摘要: The concave-eared torrent frog, Odorrana tormota, has evolved the extraordinary ability to communicate ultrasonically (i.e., using frequencies > 20 kHz), and electrophysiological experiments have demonstrated that neurons in frog’s midbrain (torus semicircularis) respond up 34 kHz. However, at this time, it is unclear which region(s) of torus what other brainstem nuclei are involved detection ultrasound. To gain insight into anatomical substrate ultrasound detection, we mapped expression activity-dependent gene, egr-1, brain response a full-spectrum mating call, filtered, ultrasound-only no sound. We found call elicited egr-1 superior olivary principal nucleus semicircularis. In sampled areas nucleus, tended evoke higher than and, center induced significantly levels no-sound control. calls evoked similar were greater control, induction laminar showed evidence acoustic modulation. These data suggest among regions sensitive species.