Vaccines for List A poultry diseases: emphasis on avian influenza.

摘要: Various vaccine technologies have been shown experimentally to be effective for immunization against avian influenza (AI) virus and include conventional inactivated oil-based whole AI virus, vectored subunit protein DNA vaccines. Vaccine-induced protection is based upon antibodies produced the surface glycoproteins, principally haemagglutinin, but also neuraminidase. This specific only individual subtypes of haemagglutinin (H1-15) neuraminidase (N1-9) proteins. vaccines protect chickens turkeys from clinical signs death, reduce respiratory intestinal replication a challenge containing homologous protein. Many are if given as single injection provide greater than 20 weeks. Protection has demonstrated both low high doses virus. Furthermore, subtype H5 heterologous strains with 89.4% or deduced amino acid sequence similarity isolated over 38 years. Currently, fowl pox-vectored gene insert used commercially in various countries world. These some disadvantages associated labour requirements parenteral administration. However, an experimental recombinant Newcastle disease shows promise cost, mass administered aerosol vaccine. A critical issue use field need differentiate vaccinated birds those infected Differentiation necessary outbreak surveillance trade. The varies different subtypes.