Cyber–Physical Modeling of Implantable Cardiac Medical Devices

摘要: The design of bug-free and safe medical device software is challenging, especially in complex implantable devices that control actuate organs unanticipated contexts. Safety recalls pacemakers cardioverter defibrillators between 1990 2000 affected over 600 000 devices. Of these, 200 or 41% were due to firmware issues their effect continues increase frequency. There currently no formal methodology open experimental platform test verify the correct operation within closed-loop context patient. To this effect, a real-time virtual heart model (VHM) has been developed electrophysiological functioning malfunctioning (i.e., during arrhythmia) heart. By extracting timing properties pacemaker device, we present construct timed-automata for functional testing verification system. VHM's capability generating clinically relevant response validated variety common arrhythmias. Based on set requirements, describe environment allows interactive physiologically model-based generation basic operations such as maintaining rate, atrial-ventricle synchrony, conditions pacemaker-mediated tachycardia. This system step toward approach cyber-physical systems with patient loop.