Molecular Genetics of Metastasis

摘要: Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells throughout body. Although it frequently cause death from malignant growths, most poorly understood aspect carcinogenesis. The underlying process cell dissemination controlled by genetic programs in tumour and host. cell-intrinsic metastasis confer invasiveness anchorage-independence. responsible genes are typically deregulated aberrant expression or splicing. Organ preference depends on more complex tumour–host interactions. suppressor genes, when expressed, can negatively regulate spread. molecular genetics has led to development diagnostic tests, based gene profiles that help predict metastatic potential. Further, opened prospects for targeting key culprit antimetastasis therapy. Key Concepts: Cancer constitutes breaking through tissue barriers represents earliest manifestation metastasis. The basis formation splicing stress response genes. The biologic activity metastasis-mediating products extensively regulated posttranscriptional mechanisms. Cancer guided two intrinsic characteristics cells, anchorage-independent survival. Cancer mediated secreted proteases, homing receptors, cytokine ligands associated signalling molecules. The acquisition accompanied a characteristic, reversible remodelling, called epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cancers shed their into blood lymph stream stages growth on; die circulation. Fully transformed survive without anchorage extended periods time. Genetic encode consistent patterns organ individual malignancies. Like other functions within ability metastasise under positive negative control. Keywords: metastasis; invasion; anoikis; homing receptor; cytokine; protease