Ceramide pathway and Apoptosis in Autoimmunity and Atherosclerosis

摘要: Publisher Summary The morphologic features of apoptosis are typical and well conserved in diverse cell types. This suggests a possible convergence multiple signaling pathways, which ultimately culminate one common route towards apoptosis. The ceramide/sphingomyelin (SM) pathway may constitute that step. studies have begun to identify receptor-activated signal transduction involving the sphingolipid SM its hydrolysis product ceramide. Apoptotic death was originally distinguished from necrosis based on morphological differences tendency necrotic, but not apoptotic, cells induce an inflammatory response. Although it is still clear how necrotic trigger inflammation, this capacity be critical relating tissue damage generation immune death, concludes execution, packaging, removal dying cells, has emerged as physiological response developmental environmental signals. pathways suggested for significant process vary between different types cells.