Walnut demonstrates strong genetic variability for adaptive and wood quality traits in a network of juvenile field tests across Europe

摘要: Adaptive and wood quality trait data were collected analyzed on commercially available Juglans regia J. regia×J. nigra provenances progenies planted across Europe in a multi-site network. A total of 19 seed sources, replicated 35 times per site, at 13 sites from 5 European countries, encompassing the potential distribution area timber production plantation sites. The following traits evaluated: survival, height, diameter breast stem form, apical dominance, vegetative budbreak, along with biotic abiotic damage. Mean values significantly different both among provenances/progenies Most common damage was late spring early autumn frost. Bud break ranking correlated provenance progeny origin. Although is fast growing, southern budbreak plant material should not be under most middle conditions where frost can expected, as it has significant negative impact architectural (and thus quality) traits. Hybrid performed better than for measured. Differences favor hybrids medium to low fertility, although some locally selected sources tended perform well high fertility