作者: Kenneth G. Nepple , Gurdarshan S. Sandhu , Adam S. Kibel
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-188-2_5
关键词: Prostate cancer 、 Disease 、 Free psa 、 Early detection 、 Hyperplasia 、 Urology 、 Prostate cancer risk 、 Prostate biopsy 、 Serum markers 、 Medicine
摘要: The introduction of PSA in 1987 (Stamey et al. N Engl J Med 317(15):909–16, 1987) as a serum marker for prostate cancer and its subsequent development screening test early detection (Catalona 324(17):1156–61, 1991) dramatically altered the diagnosis management this disease. correlated directly with risk and, therefore, was relatively sensitive to identify men at risk. However, it became rapidly apparent that had limited specificity. Numerous nonmalignant processes, such benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) infection, also resulted elevations (Nadler Urol 154(2 Pt 1):407–13, 1995).