Non–Rapid Eye Movement Parasomnias: Diagnostic Methods

摘要: The American Academy of Sleep Medicine’s International Classification Disorders (ICSD-II) defines parasomnias as “undesirable physical events or experiences that occur during entry into sleep, within sleep arousals from sleep.” Depending on their exact manifestations, frequency, and intensity, can be considered normal phenomena may not significantly affect quality quantity daytime functioning. In some cases, however, episodes lead to self-injuries, psychological distress, disruption, thereby seriously affecting the patient well family members. Parasomnias are classified 3 categories: (1) associated with non–rapid eye movement (NREM) (eg, sleepwalking terrors), (2) rapid (REM) nightmare disorder REM behavior [RBD]), (3) other enuresis sleep-related groaning). This article focuses diagnostic considerations 2 prototypic NREM parasomnias, namely, (somnambulism) terrors. Together confusional arousals, terrors collectively termed disorders arousal because autonomic motor drives toward a state partial wakefulness fromsleep. A summary