Conservation genetics of the loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus) in central and eastern North America

摘要: This study examines geneticstructure of central and eastern North American Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)populations. Samples derived from 27populations (n = 206) covering the range threerecognized subspecies: L. l. migrans,L. ludovicianus, l.excubitorides, included locales aputative intergrade zone between twosubspecies. For migrans, samplesinclude both those extant populations andfrom museum specimens spanning approximately130 years. all samples we obtained 267 basepairs mitochondrial control region sequenceand identified a total 23 distincthaplotypes. subset samplesrepresenting locale centered on Canadianportion an migrans excubitorides onalternate sides intergrade, obtainedadditional sequence for intron thenuclear glyceraldehyde-3-phosphatedehydrogenase gene. Analyses temporal trendsin diversity l.migrans indicate diminutioncoincident with decline in populationnumbers. Results Analysis MolecularVariance data showed thata significant amount regionspatial variation was apportioned among thethree subspecies (24.42%; P < 0.01). Furtheranalyses indicated statistically significantdifferences westernpopulations migrans. We found nosignificant differences consideredpopulations frequencies six identifiedGpdh alleles, although this result ispreliminary because small sample sizes.However, datasuggest higher genetic theintergrade zone. Based our analyses wedefine four management units andcentral Shrikes.