Pine wilt disease : a worldwide threat to forest ecosystems

摘要: I: Pine wilt disease: global issues, surveys, trade and economic impact. Session Summary. I.1. Eradication program for the pinewood nematode in Portugal. I.2. Incursion management face of multiple uncertainties: a case study an unidentified associated with dying pines near Melbourne, Australia. I.3. The risk pine disease to Australia New Zealand.I.4. Potential threat present status survey wood Turkey. I.5. Investigations on wood-inhabiting nematodes genus Bursaphelenchus forests province Brandenburg, Germany. I.6. Official xylophilus carried out territory Republic Poland. I.7. spp. packaging intercepted China. II: nematode: biology microbial inter-relationships. II.1. Developmental cytogenetics B. xylophilus. II.2. relationship between PWN fungi cohabiting trees inoculated thee PWN. II.3. Influence multiplication distribution nematode. III: taxonomy detection methods. III.1. Taxonomic databases other aphelenchoid nematodes. III.2. enlargement group Bursaphelenchus. III.3. Interspecific variation ITS rDNA species different groups. III.4. Molecular characterization isolates sexdentati using ITS-RFLP ribosomal DNA sequences. III.5. Analysis provenances ISSR RAPD fingerprints. III.6. Satellite as versatile genetic marker III.7. An effective PCR-based diagnostic method samples. IV: insect vectors: biology, ecology interaction Summary IV.1. Biological studies relevant vector role Monochamus IV.2. Potentialinsect vectors Spanish forests. IV.3. Genetic structure alternatus Japan. IV.4. Distribution (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) beetle its exiting transmission way. V: Ecology modelling. V.1. Modelling PWN-induced expression: mechanistic approach. V.2. Field diagnosis asymptomatic carrier VI: tree: physiology, resistance histopathology result disease. Summary.VI.1. Inoculation avirulent under experimental conditions: risk-benefit analysis.VI.2. Rapidity development seems high mortality - insight from inoculation test hybridized populations virulent xylophilus.VI.3. Defense systems Pinus densiflora cultivars selected resistant disease.VI.4. Histological observations symptomatic tissues pinewood. VI.5. Development external internal symptoms seedlings (Pinus sylvestris) due vallesianus.VII: control VII.1. Screening isolation antinematodal metabolites against produced by plant. VII.2. Microbial fungi. VII.3. Attraction trap monitoring adults usefulness limitations. VII.4. Studies Scleroderma guani sawyer, alternatus. VII.5. Effect aerial spraying insecticide measure VII. 6. Control landscape conservation Amanohashidate Kyoto,