The rise and fall of training and visit extension : an Asian mini-drama with an African epilogue

摘要: The paper reviews the origins and evolution of Training Visit (T&V) extension system, which was promoted by World Bank in 1975-98 over 50 developing countries. discussion seeks to clarify context within approach implemented, analyze causes for its lack sustainability ultimate abandonment. identifies some challenges faced T&V as being typical a large public where issues scale, interaction with agricultural research systems, inability attribute benefits, weak accountability, political support tend lead incentive problems among staff managers extension, limited budgetary resources. different incentives outlook domestic stakeholders external donor agencies are also reviewed. main cause system's disappearance is attributed incompatibility high recurrent costs budgets available domestically, leading fiscal unsustainability. concludes lessons that apply donor-driven initiatives, more generally rural development fads. role timely, independent, rigorous evaluative studies specifically highlighted.