Faecal pellet production by Arctic under-ice amphipods : transfer of organic matter through the ice/water interface

作者: Iris Werner

DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-4148-2_8

关键词: Water columnAmphipodaArctic ice packEcologySea iceArcticPelletsPelagic zoneEnvironmental chemistryDetritusBiology

摘要: The underside of Arctic sea ice is inhabited by several autochthonous amphipod species (Apherusa glacialis, Onisimus spp., Gammarus wilkitzkii). amphipods graze on ice-bound organic matter, such as algae, detritus and fauna, release faecal pellets into the underlying water column, thus forming a direct link between pelagic ecosystems. Experiments pellet production rates showed species-specific differences, which were related to size animals. smallest species, A. produced highest mean number (15.4 ind.-1 d-1), followed spp. (2.7 d-1) largest G. wilkitzkii (1.1 d-1). Relative carbon content was very similar in all (21.2-22.6% dry mass). Juvenile (Onisimus wilkitzkii) more with less POC than adults. Based field determinations concentration lowermost 2 cm (mean: 36.4 mg C m-2) abundances (A. glacialis: 33.8 ind. m-2, spp.: 0.5 wilkitzkii: 9.4 Greenland Sea summer 1994, amount transferred from estimated (0.7 m-2 d-1 or almost 2% carbon). Since this process probably takes place ice-covered regions well during seasons, grazing under-ice contributes significantly matter flux across ice/water interface.

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