Influence of the substrate on maar–diatreme volcanoes — An example of a mixed setting from the Pali Aike volcanic field, Argentina
作者： Pierre-Simon Ross , Séverine Delpit , Miguel J. Haller , Károly Németh , Hugo Corbella
DOI: 10.1016/J.JVOLGEORES.2010.07.018
关键词: Tephra 、 Maar 、 Volcanic rock 、 Phreatomagmatic eruption 、 Geochemistry 、 Geology 、 Paleontology 、 Lava 、 Pyroclastic rock 、 Scoria 、 Diatreme
摘要: Abstract The morphologic parameters, pyroclastic deposits and evolution of maar–diatreme volcanoes are affected by the type environment in which they emplaced. End-member cases a hard substrate (rocks) soft (unconsolidated volcaniclastic or sedimentary deposits). In this paper, we present an example volcanic complex emplaced mixed hard–soft setting from Pali Aike field (PAVF) near Argentina–Chile border. Plio-Pleistocene PAVF is alkaline, mafic, back-arc monogenetic contains over 100 phreatomagmatic volcanoes. studied two large coalescent maars overlain scoria spatter. 1.4 × 1.3 km East Maar has better exposures than shallower, 1.9 km-wide West seems to have been less modified post-eruptive processes. tephra rim was detail infer it produced mostly base surges eruption columns, with rare instances intercalated fall layers. Based on regional information, general pre-maar stratigraphy dominated rocks Magallanes Basin, including thick poorly consolidated upper unit dating Miocene. These fluvio-glacial lavas, some exposed just below deposits. All these units represented as lithic clasts Maar, most abundant being earlier basaltic lavas rock fragments derived glacial There no specific evidence for deep diatreme under particular case, volcano typical substrate.
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