Sex- and gender-specific disparities in colorectal cancer risk

摘要: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common causes morbidity both in men and women. However, females over 65 years old show higher mortality lower 5-year survival rate colorectal compared to their age-matched male counterparts. The objective this review suggest gender-based innovations improve outcomes females. Women have a risk developing right-sided (proximal) colon than men, which associated with more aggressive form neoplasia left-sided (distal) cancer. Despite differences tumor location between women scientific researchers do not consider sex specificity for study design interpretation. Also, screening guidelines distinguish from male, may explain frequency advanced when tumors are first detected false negative results colonoscopy Moreover, socio-cultural barriers within present delay diagnosis. Few studies, among studies that included women, reported sex-specific estimates dietary factors crucial establish prevention despite sex- gender-associated nutrient metabolism practices. Furthermore, anti-cancer drug use treatment can cause toxicity reproductive system, gender-specific recurrence rates reported. Therefore, by understanding gender-related biological risk, strategies screening, protocols be established reduce quality life.