Avoiding Conflicts between Future Freshwater Algae Production and Water Scarcity in the United States at the Energy-Water Nexus

作者: Henriette I. Jager , Rebecca A. Efroymson , Latha M. Baskaran

DOI: 10.3390/W11040836

关键词: Environmental scienceWater scarcityWater-energy nexusEnvironmental protectionSustainabilityAquatic plantWater supplyWetlandWater resourcesEnergy source

摘要: Sustainable production of algae will depend on understanding trade-offs at the energy-water nexus. Algal biofuels promise to improve environmental sustainability profile renewable energy along most dimensions. In this assessment potential US freshwater production, we assumed sustainable carbon dimension by simulating placement open ponds away from high-carbon-stock lands (forest, grassland, and wetland) near sources waste CO 2 . Along water dimension, quantified between scarcity for an ‘upstream’ indicator (measuring minimum supply) a ‘downstream’ impacts rivers). For upstream indicator, developed visualization tool evaluate different thresholds surplus. We hypothesized that maintaining seasonal surplus would also protect river habitat aquatic biota. Our study confirmed ensuring reduced duration low-flow events, but only above threshold. observed trade-off algal events in streams. These results can help guide choice basin-specific targets avoid conflicts with competing users Where emerge, alternative or enclosed photobioreactors may be needed cultivation.

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