Pallenopsis patagonica (Hoek, 1881) - a species complex revealed by morphology and DNA barcoding, with description of a new species of Pallenopsis Wilson, 1881

摘要: Pallenopsis patagonica (Hoek, 1881) is one of the most taxonomically problematic and variable pycnogonid species, distributed around southern South American coast, Subantarctic Antarctic areas. We conducted a phylogenetic analysis mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences 47 specimens, including 39 morphologically identified as P. patagonica, five pilosa 1881), macneilli Clark, 1963, buphtalmus Pushkin, 1993, latefrontalis 1993. Furthermore, we studied morphological differences between different COI lineages using light scanning electron microscopy, also material from Loman's Hedgpeth's classical collections, well Hoek's type P. patagonica 1881. The molecular results unambiguously reveal that complex several divergent clades, which includes P. macneilli, P. buphtalmus, P. latefrontalis. Based on available, two major clades could be identified, namely ‘Falkland’ clade, to assign nominal ‘Chilean’ distinct clade. describe clade new yepayekae sp. nov. Weis, 2013. All are confirmed by specific characteristics discussed in detail compared with species closely related complex. Our species-rich need for thorough taxonomic revision, both genetic approaches. © 2014 Linnean Society London