Does vanadium play a role in cellular regulation

摘要: Publisher Summary This chapter highlights physiological and metabolic effects on enzyme activities. Vanadium, a group V element, belongs to the first transition series can form compounds mainly in valence states 3+, 4+, 5+, both anionic cationic species. Several criteria of essentiality an element are satisfied by properties vanadium such as low molecular weight, excellent catalytic activity, appropriate atomic structure, its position metal, ability chelates potentially with biologically active compounds, ubiquity geosphere possibly biosphere, homeostatic regulation controlled accumulation rapid excretion, deficiency animals plants showing characteristic symptoms, toxicity oral intake. At least three significant enzymes plasma membrane affected vanadate—Na, K-ATPase is inhibited nanomolar concentrations adenylate cyclase NADH oxidase activated micro-molar milli-molar concentrations. These interrelated. ATP substrate for two, substrates nucleotides. Vanadate, affecting state phosphate, seems have affinity binding sites these enzymes.